With the arrival of the Europeans to your region, the social order is thrown all out of whack. So, there are bound to be changes to who is in charge. Now, I know this is supposed to be “Maritime Empires” time. But, this section also includes the social hierarchies of the Land Empires (Mughal Akbar’s Toleration and the Manchus treatment of the Han in China, and the treatment of the Jews in the Ottoman Empire). The most visually obvious social hierarchy here are the Castas of Latin America. But, it’s not just the organization: There are entirely new groups of elites that emerge. Needless to say, the order of society is changing everywhere in this period (1450-1750).

1. RAV AKCESI (1455), Mehmet II
2. TREATY OF GRANADA (1491), Isabella & Ferdinand
3. ALHAMBRA DECREE (1492), Isabella & Ferdinand
4.
5.

1. LAS CASTAS, c. 1750

2. THE OPRICHNIKI

3. MANCHU QUEUE HAIRSTYLE (c. 1900)

4. GOKE (1495), (Ottoman Sultan Bayazid II sent this ship, and others, to bring/save Sephardic Jews from persecution in Spain)

5. SULEIMAN AND ROXELANA

1. New Empires=New Leadership=New Social Hierarchies
2. Some were restrictive based on class (Nobles vs. Kings, Boyars vs. Tsars)
3. Some were restrictive based on race (Castas)
4. Some were restrictive based on culture (Han vs. Manchu, Catholic Spain vs. Islamic Spain)
5. Some were actually more open (Ottoman welcoming of the Jews)